Table 2 Cryo-ablation studies treating fibroadenomata

Caleffi (2004)

102 (124)

1.4 ± 0.6 vs 2.1 ± 0.8

38 (45 vs 34 ± 13)

Visica, 2.4 mm cryo-needle, −160 °C

Double HI-Freeze 67 % still palpable after 12 months, Tailored freeze volume reduction 91 % after 12 months

Tape blisters (n = 6), keloid (n = 2), ecchymosis, discomfort, oedema

12

16.1 vs 14.7 ± 3.3

Littrup (2005)

29 (42)

4.2 ± 4.7

26.6 (13–50)

Visica, 2.4 mm cryo-needle, −187 °C

Reduction in tumour volume 73 % after 12 months

Hypo-pigmentation (n = 3)

12

–

Kaufman (2004)

57 (70)

2.1 (0.7–4.2)

35 ± 13 (13–66)

Visica, 2.4 mm cryo-needle, −186 °C

Reduction in tumour volume 89 % after 12 months

Moderate-severe pain (n = 2), hematoma (n = 2), skin injury (n = 4), tape blisters (n = 7), pigmentation (n = 3), keloid (n = 2), nipple retraction (n = 1)

12

14.8 ± 3.3

Kaufman (2005)

29 (32)

2.1 ± 0.8 (0.8–4.2)

35 (13–66)

Visica, 2.4 mm cryo-needle, −186 °C

Median reduction in tumour volume 89 % at 12 months and 99 % at most recent follow-up

Tenderness (n = 2), pain (n = 1)

31.2 (15.6–45.6)

14.3 (6–20.1)

Nurko & Edwards (2005)

444

1.8

–

Visica, 2.7 mm cryo-probe, −160 °C

Mean reduction in tumour volume 51 % after 6 months and 97 % after 12 months.

–

12

–

Golatta & Klein (2014)

60

1.2 ± 0.9 cm³

–

IceSense3, up to 3.5 mm cryo-probe, −196 °C

Completely resolved FAD 93 % after 12 months

Induration of breast (n = 1)

12

–