Table 1 Summary of the in vitro test bed objectives and results
Program milestone | Phantom type | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Objective | Integrated Phantom (D&L/targeting) | Result | HIFU phantom (power delivery) | Result |
Minimum structure resolution (MSR) | PVA vessel 0.6 mm diameter | Met goal (2/2) | NA | NA |
Minimum detectable velocity (MDV) | PVA vessel 3 cm/s mean velocity | Did not meet goal (0/3) | NA | NA |
Min and max thermal dose (MTD) | NA | NA | Non-feedback test 6 thermocouples (ΔT: 33 °C ≤ TD ≤ 58 °C) | Met goal |
Min and max depth of penetration (MDP) | Min: 5 cm | Met goal (1/2) Met goal (3/3) | Min: 5 cm | Met goal |
Max: 12.5 cm (25-cm diameter phantom) | Max: 12.5 cm (25-cm diameter phantom) | Met goal | ||
Maximum thermal skin dose (MTSD) | NA | NA | Surface thermocouples (MTSD: ΔT max ≤ 20 °C) | Met goal |
D&L on minimum radius of curvature (MRC) phantom | 3.75-cm depth bleeder in a 3.75-cm radius phantom | Did not meet goal (0/5) | 3.75-cm depth in a 3.75-cm radius phantom | Met goal |
D&L algorithm | Madsen w/PVA vessels | Met goal | NA | NA |
D&L to targeting communication | Two thermocouples on vessel wall to verify targeting | Met goal | NA | NA |
Targeting to therapy power communication and coordinated functioning | Closed-loop targeting and dosing w/o human interaction | Met goal | NA | NA |
Closed-loop targeting | “Line and dot” measured | Met goal | NA | NA |
Closed-loop dosing | RNN thermometry | Met goal | NA | NA |