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Table 3 Optimal emission thresholds and corresponding accuracy metrics for rupture prediction

From: Prediction and suppression of HIFU-induced vessel rupture using passive cavitation detection in an ex vivo model

Acoustic emission type

Threshold (dB)

Sensitivity

Specificity

PPV

NPV

Low-frequency

0.863

69.6%

54.7%

14.7%

94.1%

Broadband

11.04

75.1%

62.9%

18.5%

95.7%

Subharmonic

0.499

74.5%

64.4%

19.0%

95.7%

  1. Threshold values (in dB relative to the measured noise floor) yielding maximum sensitivity and specificity, with corresponding sensitivities, specificities, positive predictive values (PPV), and negative predictive values (NPV), using data from 18 trials.