MR-guided high-focused ultrasound for renal sympathetic denervation—a feasibility study in pigs

Table 3 Overview of results with regard to MR signal intensity, histology, norepinephrine concentrations, and blood pressure

	Signal increase in T2-w after intervention			Histological changes	Norepinephrine levels^a			Blood pressure (systolic/diastolic)
	No changes	Periosseous/transverse process	Perivascular tissue		Right	Left	Change in%	Before	After	4-week follow-up
Pig 1		X			285.6	396.2	-27.9	145/46	171/100	X
Pig 2		X			496.3	577.1	-14	119/52	162/83	X
Pig 3		X			478.7	433.1	10	132/74	122/48	93/46
Pig 4		X	X	X	445.4	509	-12.5	139/84	153/88	135/83
Pig 5		X			317.7	346.1	-8.2	130/42	118/55	118/49
Pig 6		X	X		309.1	359.7	-14	145/39	166/33	130/48
Pig 7		X	X		267.9	429.5	-38	117/39	144/60	111/34
Pig 8		X			348.9	270.5	29	112/62	152/74	122/52
Pig 9		X			575.8	658.5	-12.6	75/24	123/50	158/66
Pig 10	X				494.4	295.8	67.1	102/54	85/29	123/45
Mean					391.7	442.2		124/51	146/66	124/54
Pigs 1–9					(±109.5)	(±121.1)		124/51	146/66	124/54
Mean					402	427.6		122/52	140/62	124/53
Pigs 1–10					(±108.3)	(±123.2)		122/52	140/62	124/53

^aLLOQ 20 ng/g tissue. Pig nos. 1 and 2 were sacrificed 2 h after the intervention to assess immediate effects on vessels and perivascular tissues. The other eight pigs were euthanized after 4 weeks. T2 signal intensity increase, histological changes, NE levels of the treated right (italicized) and untreated left kidneys (ng/g) at 4 weeks, and blood pressure values (systolic/diastolic in mmHg) before and after the intervention is given. All treated pigs developed edema in the tissue adjacent to the transverse process. Edema in the periarterial tissue was found in three pigs and corresponding histological changes in one pig. NE was lower on the treated side in seven pigs (italicized). Two pigs and the sham-treated pig had higher NE levels on the treated side. Average systolic and diastolic blood pressure 4 weeks after the intervention did not differ significantly from baseline.

ISSN: 2050-5736