Figure 3

Sonication energy, temperature, and ablation approach. Scatterplot of sonication energy (kJ) on the x-axis and temperature (°C) on the y-axis, stratified per ablation approach (legend). Each dot represents a single sonication. The horizontal dotted line indicates 55°C. The measured temperatures for the direct approach (green) are mostly over 55°C at low sonication energies. For the near-field approach (grey), measured temperatures were both above and below 55°C (even with energies around 2.0 kJ). In lytic lesions with complete cortical destruction in which soft-tissue ablation was aimed for (blue), measured temperatures were also below and above 55°C (even at energies of 3.0 kJ).